Find a number both denominators divide into, like 30 for 5 and 6. Rename each fraction with that denominator, add or subtract the tops, then simplify.
denominatorthe bottom number: the size of the parts
common denominatora bottom number both fractions share
equivalentworth the same, like 1/2 and 3/6
simplest formtop and bottom share no factor but 1
Watch for: Adding the tops and the bottoms: 1/5 + 5/6 is not 6/11. Changing the bottom number without changing the top to match. Leaving an answer that can be simplified, like 6/8 instead of 3/4.
At home: Pour 1/2 cup and then 1/4 cup of water into a measuring cup. Where does it reach? Talk about why 1/2 is the same as 2/4.
Sample sheet and answer key
Luna's Space Adventure
Grade 5 · Unlike denominators · 5.NF.A.1
NameDate
Astronaut Luna is exploring a far-off corner of space. Solve each problem to help Luna's mission go smoothly!
Find a common denominator
Rename both fractions, then add or subtract. Simplify.
New problems every time, three levels (gentle, core and stretch), themes to pick from, a second page if you want one. Each sheet comes with an answer key and a one-page guide for grown-ups.